Chronic Numbness in the Hands, Wrist, and Arms

What Is Chronic Numbness?

Persistent numbness, tingling, or “pins and needles” in your hands or arms isn’t something to ignore. While occasional numbness can happen after sleeping in an awkward position, chronic or recurring numbness often signals an underlying circulation or nerve compression syndrome that deserves medical attention.

Chronic numbness can present as:

• Pins and needles, a “falling asleep” feeling, or “tingling” in the fingers, palm, wrist, or arm
• Loss of sensation that makes it difficult to grip objects or perform daily tasks
• Burning, weakness, or clumsiness in the hands or arms
• Episodes that return frequently or last for days at a time

If chronic numbness is not treated, it may worsen and permanently impact strength, dexterity, or overall nerve function. This emphasizes the importance of seeking early care if numbness persists.

Causes of Numbness or Tingling in Fingers, Hands, or Arms

Several conditions can cause chronic numbness or tingling in the hands, wrists, or arms. Our surgeons treat even the most complex cases, including:

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Compression of the median nerve at the wrist
• Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow
• Radial Tunnel Syndrome: Compression of the radial nerve in the forearm
• Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Compression of nerves or blood vessels near the collarbone
• Cervical Spine Issues: Herniated discs or arthritis affecting nerves in the neck
• Diabetes or Peripheral Neuropathy: Nerve damage caused by chronic illness
• Repetitive Strain Injuries: Repetitive motions that inflame and irritate nerves

When Should You See a Specialist?

While mild numbness that quickly resolves may not be urgent, persistent or worsening symptoms should be evaluated by a physician. 

Seek medical care if:

• Numbness lasts more than a few days or increases over time
• Symptoms interfere with daily activities (typing, gripping, buttoning clothes)
• Numbness is paired with muscle weakness, clumsiness, or swelling
• You notice a pattern of worsening tingling after activity or at night

How We Diagnose the Cause of Numbness

Getting a diagnosis at HUES begins with a thorough understanding of your story, accompanied by a detailed physical examination. To further assess your condition, we may perform neurological assessments to evaluate sensation, strength, and reflexes. 

Additionally, imaging studies such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans may be utilized to identify any structural issues. For a more precise diagnosis, nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG) can help pinpoint any nerve injury or compression. 

By accurately determining the specific nerve involved and the site of compression, our specialists can develop a tailored treatment plan that meets your individual needs.

Treatment Options for Chronic Numbness

Your treatment plan will depend on your symptoms' severity and the underlying cause of the chronic numbness. Depending on these factors, there are two possible approaches to treatment: conservative and surgical. 

Conservative Management

For many patients, non-surgical options can provide relief. These can include:

• Splints or braces to relieve pressure on nerves
• Activity modification and ergonomic adjustments
• Physical or occupational therapy
• Anti-inflammatory or neuropathic medications

Advanced Surgical Interventions

When conservative treatment isn’t enough, however, our surgeons offer advanced microsurgical techniques to restore nerve function, including:

• Microsurgical nerve decompression surgery to relieve pressure on affected nerves
• Revision nerve surgery for patients with persistent symptoms after prior procedures
• Reconstructive nerve surgery in cases of significant damage or injury

Additionally, our team specializes in complex upper extremity hand and nerve reconstruction procedures that are often unavailable at standard practices.