In a new study published in the Annals of Vascular Surgery, Matthew R. Kaufman, MD, FACS, Ajul Shah, MD, FACS, Robert T. Nevitt, MD, and Reza Jarrahy, MD, of The Institute for Advanced Reconstruction examine a rare but serious complication of thoracic outlet syndrome surgery: phrenic nerve injury leading to diaphragm paralysis. Reviewing 17 patients treated with secondary phrenic nerve reconstruction, the team found that 80% reported meaningful improvement, with most showing objective recovery of diaphragm function. The findings reinforce phrenic nerve reconstruction as an effective salvage option for patients facing this uncommon but life-altering complication, and underscore Dr. Kaufman's and Dr. Jarrahy's continued leadership in advancing nerve reconstruction and diaphragm paralysis research.